KA2 projects consistently lead to the creation of new or improved courses, curricula, and teaching methods. The 2026 Norwegian HK-Dir study shows this is the most common tangible output, with results mainstreamed into regular institutional offerings rather than remaining as side projects.

Projects trigger structural changes within partner institutions — new international offices, updated quality assurance processes, revised governance frameworks. The INDIRE (Italy) study documents the impact at individual, institutional and systemic levels across all participating organisations.

A significant share of outputs developed under KA2 funding continue long after projects close. The Dutch Nuffic (2025) study dedicates an entire chapter to this long-term sustainability, supported by 4 in-depth case studies.

The German DAAD evaluation (2022) highlights staff motivation, skills development, and international networking as key outcomes for academic and administrative personnel in participating institutions — often their first sustained international cooperation experience.

The Austrian OeAD study (2023) documents systemic-level impact across education sectors, showing how KA2 project outputs feed into national and European policy debates on higher education quality, access, and reform.